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Toxocara canis
''Toxocara canis'' (also known as dog roundworm) is worldwide-distributed helminth parasite of dogs and other canids. ''Toxocara canis'' is gonochoristic, adult worms measure from 9 to 18 cm, are yellow-white in color, and occur in the intestine of the definitive host. In adult dogs, the infection is usually asymptomatic. By contrast, massive infection with ''Toxocara canis'' can be fatal in puppies.
As paratenic hosts, a number of various vertebrates, including humans, and some invertebrates can become infected. Humans are infected, like other paratenic hosts, by ingestion of embryonated ''T. canis'' eggs. The disease (called Toxocariasis) caused by migrating ''T. canis'' larvae (toxocariasis) results in two syndromes: visceralis larva migrans and ocularis larva migrans.
Owing to transmission of the infection from the mother to her puppies, preventive anthelmintic treatment of newborn puppies is strongly recommended. Several antihelmintic drugs are effective against adult worms, for example pyrantel, fenbendazole, selamectine, etc.〔(The Merck Veterinary Manual )〕
== Morphology ==
The adult '' canis'' has a round body with spiky cranial and caudal parts, covered by yellow cuticula. The cranial part of the body contains two lateral alae (length 2–3.5 mm, width 0.1 mm). Male worms measure 9–13 by 0.2–0.25 cm and female worms 10–18 by 0.25–0.3 cm. ''T. canis'' eggs have oval or spherical shapes with granulated surfaces, are thick-walled, and measure from 72 to 85 μm.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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